Mutually orthogonal Latin squares

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Notion

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Science and technology

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What Wikipedia says

In combinatorics, two Latin squares of the same size (order) are said to be orthogonal if when superimposed the ordered paired entries in the positions are all distinct. A set of Latin squares, all of the same order, all pairs of which are orthogonal is called a set of mutually orthogonal Latin squares.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article “Mutually orthogonal Latin squares”, under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license. Read the article on Wikipedia

Image: Poccil, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.