Conjugate variables

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What Wikipedia says

In thermodynamics, the internal energy of a system is expressed in terms of pairs of conjugate variables such as temperature and entropy, pressure and volume, or chemical potential and particle number. In fact, all thermodynamic potentials are expressed in terms of conjugate pairs.

Excerpt from the Wikipedia article “Conjugate variables (thermodynamics)”, under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license. Read the article on Wikipedia

Image: Eric Gaba (Sting - fr:Sting), Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.